E-mail: t-kaneva@yandex.ru
Tel.: +7 (8212) 39-03-96
55, Oktyabr΄skiy av., Syktyvkar, 167001, Russian Federation
PhD (Philology), associate professor, Russian Philology Department, Institute of Humanities, Pitirim
Sorokin Syktyvkar State University
This paper is financially supported by the Government of Komi Republic and the joint grant of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and the Government of Komi Republic project No. 17-14-11001а (р) “Russian song folklore in the Komi traditions: systematic description and studies (on material of the Folklore Archive of the Syktyvkar State University)”.
The work is devoted to the manifestations of folklore bilingualism of the Komi people who have mastered the Russian song repertoire. Objects of the characteristics were variants of the game song “To bury gold”, recorded from the Komi people and stored in the Folklore Archive of the Syktyvkar State University. This song plot was widely used in Russian traditions, it was associated with a game in which “gold” (a ring, a pin or similar items) are “hidden” and then “discovered” among its participants; in some cases, the goal of the game was to designate sympathy between young people. Love-marriage atmosphere of the game corresponds to the images and motifs of the song: the ring, the couple “a maiden — a nobleman”, braiding the braids, the fall of the ring in “Kalina-malina” (namely, snow ball and raspberry bushes). Komi variants of this song from the Folklore Archive of the SSU were recorded in the 1970s and 1980s in three regions of the Vychegda river basin. When referring to these records, the degree of adaptation of Russian folklore in an environment that is foreign is of interest. Comparing the Komi variants of the song with the actual Russian ones, one can conclude that they are all recognized by “plotforming” motives, the texts show different degrees of assimilation by the Komi singers. The text from the Ust’Vym tradition is presented in the most adequate form. Minor “dark places” are marked in the Kortkeros version. Sysola record gives an example of the most distorted text. Obviously, the subject matter has its own way in each of the three traditions. The work also includes the publication of three considered versions of the song from three Komi traditions, revealed in the Folklore Archive of the SSU.
Avdeeva E.A. (1837) Zapiski i zamechaniya o Sibiri. S prilozheniem starinnykh russkikh pesen [Notes and remarks about Siberia. With an application of old Russian songs]. Moscow. In Russian.
Afanas’ev A. N. (1994) Poeticheskie vozzreniya slavyan na prirodu [Poetic views of the Slavs on nature]. In III vol. Vol. III. Moscow. In Russian.
Balov A.V., Derunov S.Ya., Il’inskiy Ya. (1898) Ocherki Poshekhon’ya [Sketches of Poshekhonye]. Etnographicheskoe obozrenie [Ethnographic Review]. 1898. No. 1. Pp. 69–92. In Russian.
Chicherov V.I. (1957) Zimniy period russkogo narodnogo zemledel’cheskogo kalendarya XVI– XIX vekov [Winter period of the Russian folk agricultural calendar of the 16th — the 19th centuries]. Moscow. In Russian.
Dorokhova E.A. (2017) Etnokul’turnyy bilingvizm kak predmet mezhdisciplinarnykh issledovaniy [Ethno-cultural bilingualism as a subject of interdisciplinary research]. In: 3rd All-Russian Congress of Folklorists. Vol.I. Moscow. Pp. 16–30. In Russian.
Fol’klor priluzskikh komi: spravochno-analiticheskie materialy. Nauchnoe izdanie [Folklore of Luza the river’s Komi: reference and analytical materials. Sch. publication] (2014). Syktyvkar. In Russian.
Igry narodov SSSR [Games of the peoples of USSR] (1933). Leningrad. In Russian.
Ivanova A.A. (2000) Etnicheskoe samosoznanie kak faktor mezhetnicheskikh kul’turnykh vzaimodeystviy [Ethnic self-awareness as a factor of interethnic cultural interactions]. Traditsionnaya kul’tura [Traditional Culture]. 2000. No. 2. Pp. 55–61. In Russian.
Kaluzhnikova T.I. (1997) Traditsionniy russkiy muzykal’niy kalendar’ Srednego Urala [Traditional Russian musical calendar of the Middle Urals]. Ekaterinburg. In Russian.
Kaneva T.S. (2014) Russkiy pesenniy fol’klor iz komi traditsiy v zapisyakh Syktyvkarskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Russian song folklore from the Komi traditions in the records of the Syktyvkar State University]. In: Slavyanskaya traditsionnaya kul’tura i sovremennyy mir [Slavic folk culture and contemporary world]. Issue 16. Mul’tifol’klornoe prostranstvo Povolzh’ya [Multifolklore space of Volga the river’s basin]. Moscow. Pp. 199–206. In Russian.
Khorovodnye i igrovye pesni Sibiri [Roundplaying and playing songs of Siberia] (1985). Novosibirsk. In Russian.
Morozov I.A., Sleptsova I.S. (2004) Krug igry. Prazdnik i igra v zhizni severnorusskogo krest’yanina (XIX–XX vv.) [Circle of playing. Holiday and games in the life of the Northern-Russian peasant (the 19th — the 20th centuries)]. Moscow. In Russian.
Mozharovskiy A. (1873) Svyatochnye pesni, igry i gadaniya Kazanskoy gubernii [Yuletide songs, games and divinations of Kazan’ province]. Kazan'. In Russian.
Muzykal’no-poeticheskiy fol’klor nizhney Vychegdy [Musical-poetic folklore of the Lower Vychegda] (2014). St. Petersburg. In Russian.
Musanova S.S. (2016) Russkie liricheskie neobryadovye pesni luzskikh komi [Russian lyrical non-ritual songs of the Komi of Luza]. Traditsionnaya kul’tura [Traditional Culture]. 2016. No. 1. Pp. 85–98. In Russian.
Nadezhdin N.I. (1839) Narodnaya poeziya u zyryan [Folk poetry among Zyryans]. Utrennyaya zarya [Morning dawn]. St. Petersburg. 1839. Pp. 260–282. In Russian.
Neklepaev I.Ya. (1903) Pover’ya i obychai Surgutskogo kraya [Beliefs and customs of Surgut territory]. Zapiski Zapadno-Sibirskogo otdeleniya IRGO [Notes of the Western-Siberian department of the Emperor Russian Geographical Society]. Omsk. 1903. Pp. 29–230. In Russian.
Ornatskkaya T.I. (1963) Russkaya pesnya na Vashke [Russian song at Vashka the river’s basin]. In: Istoriko-filologicheskiy sbornik [Historicalphilological miscellanea]. Vol. 8. Syktyvkar. Pp. 161–173. In Russian.
Panyukov A.V. (2009) Dinamika razvitiya komi fol’klornykh traditsiy v kontekste teorii samoorganizatsii [Dynamics of development of Komi folklore traditions in the context of self-organization theory]. Syktyvkar. In Russian.
Pesni russkogo naroda [Songs of the Russian people] (1899). St. Petersburg. In Russian.
Pokrovskiy E.A. (1994) Detskie igry, preimushchestvenno russkie [Children’s games, mostly Russian]. St. Petersburg. In Russian.
Rassykhaev A.N. (2013) Igra tipa “V kolechko” v traditsionnoy kul’ture komi [Game type “In the ring” in the traditional culture of Komi]. Vestnik Syktyvkarskogo universiteta [Herald of the Syktyvkar State University]. Series 8. Istoriya. Filologiya. Filosofiya [History. Philology. Philosophy]. 2013. Vol. 2. Pp. 137–144. In Russian.
Rezanova E. (1911) Materialy po etnographii Kurskoy gubernii (detskie igry, soroki i dr. obychai, igrisha i gadaniya, sueveriya. Prazdniki i dr. dni. Skazki) [Materials on the ethnography of Kursk province (children’s games, “soroki” and other customs, games and divinations, superstitions. Holidays and other days. Fairy-tales)]. In: Trudy Kurskoy arkhivnoy komissii [Transactions of Kursk archive committee]. Vol.I. Kursk. Pp. 172–249. In Russian.
Russkie narodniye pesni, sobrannye Nikolaem L’vovym, polozhennye na muzyku Ivanom Prachem i opublikovannye v 1790–1806 gg. [Russian folk songs collected by Nikolai Lvov, musicalized by Ivan Prach and published in 1790–1806] (2012). St. Petersburg. In Russian.
Russkie narodnye pesni, sobrannye P.V. Sheinom [Russian folk songs collected by P.V. Shein] (1870). Vol.I. Moscow. In Russian.
Sakharov I.P. (1838) Pesni russkogo naroda [Songs of the Russian people]. Vol. 1. St. Petersburg. In Russian.
Savel’eva G. S. (2007) Fol’klor s. Prokop’evka Priluzskogo rayona: mekhanizmy konservatsii inoetnicheskoy traditsii [Folklore of Prokopievka village of Luza district: mechanisms for preservation of foreign ethnic tradition]. In: Ryabininskie chteniya 2007 [Ryabinin Readings 2007]: Mater. of V Sch. conf. to study the folk culture of the Russian North. Petrozavodsk. Pp. 382–386. In Russian.
Savel’eva G. S. (1995) Pesenno-igrovoy fol’klor [Song and playing folklore]. In: Traditsionniy fol’klor Vylegodskogo rayona Arkhangel’skoy oblasti (v zapisyakh 1986–1991 gg.) [Traditional folklore of Vylegda district of Arkhangelsk region (in the records of 1986–1991)]. Syktyvkar. Pp. 74– 108. In Russian.
Slovar’ russkikh narodnykh govorov [Dictionary of Russian folk dialects] (1996). Vol. 30. St. Petersburg. In Russian.
Sobranie narodnykh pesen s ikh golosami na muzyku polozhil Ivan Prach [Collection of folk songs with their voices musicalized by Ivan Prach] (1790). St. Petersburg. In Russian.
Sobranie narodnykh pesen s ikh golosami, polozhennykh na muzyku Ivanom Prachem [Collection of folk songs with their voices musicalized by Ivan Prach] (1815). St. Petersburg. In Russian.
Sobranie narodnykh pesen s ikh golosami na muzyku polozhil Ivan Prach [Collection of folk songs with their voices musicalized by Ivan Prach] (1955). Moscow. In Russian. Tereshchenko A. (1848) Byt russkogo naroda [Everyday life of the Russian people]. Vol. VII. St. Petersburg. In Russian.
Velikorusskie narodnye pesni [Great-Russian folk songs] (1902). Vol. VII. St. Petersburg. In Russian.
Vyatskiy fol’klor. Narodnyy kalendar’ [Folklore of Vyatka. Folk calendar] (1995). Kotel’nich. In Russian.