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PhD (Philology), senior researcher, Department of Russian Language and General Linguistics, Institute of Humanities and Arts of Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia
B.N. El’tsin
This paper is financially supported by the grant of the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 17-18-01 351 “Contact and genetic connections of the Northern Russian lexis and onomastics”.
This research is a part of a project devoted to ethno-linguistic characteristics of food of the Russian North (Arkhangel’sk and Vologda regions and the north-eastern part of Kostroma region). The analysis is based on vast linguistic, ethnographic and folklore data including unpublished materials of card-indexes for the Russian North Dialects Dictionary and the lexicological card-index of the Ural Federal University Toponymic Expedition.
The study is made in form of a dictionary: its entries reveal a traditional notion about different types of food (for example, porridge, quass, milk, sponge dough, beer, salt, “ukha” (fish soup), tea, “shchi” (cabbage soup), etc.). The entries present traditional ideas about the ingredients of dishes, cooking and eating, as well as about its cultural and linguistic symbolism. They include a brief definition and the body of the entry, describing cooking peculiarities and the composition of the dishes, their role in the ration and the traditional meal, as well as dialectal varieties of their names. Then features of the secondary semantics of food names, functions of food in the calendar, agricultural, household and family rites and meaning of the food sign in folklore are described. The article “Kasha” <porridge> demonstrates the main principles of the dictionary (in the Russian North “kasha” is a thick porridge made of flour and barley or oat grains).
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