E-mail: mihaillewitsky@yandex.ru
Tel.: +7 (342) 212-60-08
4, Genkel str., Perm, 614013, Russian Federation
Junior Researcher, Institute of Humanitarian Studies, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
This article is devoted to the development and manufacture of birch-bark containers (tuesy) and the birch-bark industry in Perm Province in the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The relevance of the research lies in the study of the industry not only as a vivid phenomenon of traditional folk culture, but also as an element of local handicraft trade. Due to the land’s lack of fertility in the region, many residents have been forced to engage in various crafts, along with other peasant occupations. Crafts related to processing wood and other materials have played a significant role in the structure of the local economy, which has been facilitated by the forested character of the region, as well as by continuing demand for birch-bark products. They have satisfied the need for cheap household items in the peasant and mining industry for several centuries. Birchbark containers were produced on their farms for domestic consumption, and artisans in some villages made them on order for the rural community. In the second half of the nineteenth century, a number of settlements began to specialize in their production; containers were made to order and for sale. Large centers of the birch-bark industry are being formed in Perm Province: in Nizhnii Tagil, Verkhnyaya and Nizhnyaya Salda, Verkhoturskii Uyezd, and Chusovskaya Volost’, Perm. Permian birch-bark containers have often been presented as exhibits at national and international scholarly, industrial and handicraft expositions. Permian “tues” are also extensively documented in exhibition catalogs and descriptions of the handicraft industries of Perm Province. Here too descriptions may be found of the artistic features of this distinctive phenomenon of folk culture
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